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  1. swap007
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    A sql query is comprised of many tables, expressions, different types of joins etc.
    So, there are numerous ways in which a sql query can be executed and determining the
    optimal way to perform the above task is the job of the parser.
    The parsing of a query is performed within the database using the Optimizer component.
    The Optimizer evaluates many different attributes of the given query i.e. number of tables involved,
    whether we have indexes available or not, what kind of expressions are involved, etc.
    Taking all of these inputs into consideration, the Optimizer decides the best possible way to execute the query.

    For more details about parsing, read this article
    https://www.red-gate.com/simple-talk/sql/oracle/understanding-sql-query-parsing-part-1/

  2. Ognish
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    A parser is a software component that takes input data (frequently text) and builds a data structure – often some kind of parse tree, abstract syntax tree or other hierarchical structure, giving a structural representation of the input while checking for correct syntax.

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